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“AI-Raga exemplifies a breathtaking synthesis of ancient Indian musical logic and contemporary computational intelligence, demonstrating that AI can not only reproduce but genuinely compose in the living tradition of Indian music. At its core, the system internalizes the inferential architectures by, encoding foundational concepts—Śruti, Vādi–Samvādi relationships, Grahā, Nyāsa, Śadava–Oḍava —and the canonical Śadja-Pañcamaand Śadja-Madhyama Bhāvas drawn from the Nāṭyaśāstra and Saṅgīta Ratnākara. In this sense, all musical logic and inference mechanisms are encoded into the system.
Through meticulous rule-based simulation, AI-Raga can generate a complete Gator Bandish in any user-specified Rāga, without sampling prerecorded melodies. In a demonstration, the user selects Bharata Muni’s ET-22 Śruti framework, Ragasin Druta-lāya under Ṭrītāla, and the imagined e-SaṇikāSarod—a digitally synthesized instrument blending flute-like purity with the resonant warmth of the sarod, for instance. With a single click, the system computes fundamental ‘Sa’ frequencies, infers Grahā-Nyāsa swaras, weaves characteristic Meends, ālāps, and Ragaṅga motifs, and renders the composition in real time alongside an AI -Tablaaccompaniment.
The characteristic Meends, Aalaps, Ragangas and all required data is generated by the AI system and then a composition or Gat/ Bandish is generated and that is played by the computer and the user can listen to it. The final lines of output are displayed below. The output is slightly simplified to increase comprehensibility.
The result is delivered as both a textual score-detailing each step of the encoded musical logic-and a live audio stream that audiences can experience. Samples of AI-Raga (and its sister systems AI-Tāla, AI-RagaGen, and Bharati) are freely accessible on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCm_QHdRyO9kcmDqx_OY0KnQ) and via the Computational Music portal (http://computationalmusic.com/latest_compositions.php), inviting musicians, scholars, and technologists to explore its creations.
By validating and extending principles from the Nāṭyaśāstra and Saṅgīta Ratnākara, AI-Raga not only preserves these millennia-old sutras but interrogates them through algorithmic rigor. This pioneering effort transforms AI from a mere computational instrument into a collaborative muse-bridging the erudition of Indian classical music with the frontier of artificial intelligence and computer science, and charting new horizons for both disciplines.
The main objective of this research and development of AI systems such as Bharati, AITala, AIRaga, AIRagaGen etc. is to show that digitization, computation & AI can be used to document, preserve, interpret and simulate the concepts from Indian music, and take them forward creatively.
This is possible with almost all Indic knowledge systems due to the inherent logical structure present in the sutra treatises. By demonstrating the capabilities of AI and it’s use in creating Indian classical music, it is asserted that AI has tremendous potential to enable and supplement the study of Indic studies. “